The Council of Nicea, held in AD 325, led to a series of canons that have defined Christian doctrine for centuries. One such canon is Canon 20, which addresses the practice of kneeling during worship.

Canon 20 states: 'Since there are some who kneel on Sunday and during the season of Pentecost, this holy synod decrees that, so that the same observances may be maintained in every diocese, one should offer one's prayers to the Lord standing.'

This statement, while seemingly straightforward, has led to considerable debate and interpretation throughout history. To truly understand it, we must delve into the historical context and significance of kneeling in the early church.

Historical Context of Canon 20

In the early Christian community, the act of kneeling was often associated with penance and sorrow for sins. However, Sunday—the Lord's Day—and the season of Pentecost were viewed as times of joy, celebration, and resurrection. The prohibition against kneeling was likely a reflection of this joyous atmosphere, an attempt to maintain a unified church practice, and a desire to distinguish Christian rites from those of other faiths.

Interpreting Canon 20

While Canon 20 appears to discourage kneeling on Sundays and during Pentecost, it does not entirely prohibit the practice. It merely suggests standing as the preferred posture during these times. This has been interpreted in various ways by different Christian traditions. Some denominations, especially those in the Eastern Orthodox tradition, strictly adhere to this directive, while others view it more as a guideline than a rule.

Canon 20 Today

Today, Canon 20's influence can be seen in the myriad worship practices across Christian traditions. While some Christians strictly observe standing during Sunday services and the season of Pentecost, others kneel as a sign of reverence, humility, and prayer. This highlights the diversity and richness of Christian worship, all stemming from a single line in a centuries-old canon.